Legal Authority

• California Constitution
  The Commission on Judicial Performance was established by legislative constitutional amendment approved by the voters in November 1960. The commission’s authority is set forth in article VI, sections 8, 18, 18.1 and 18.5 of the California Constitution. In 1966, 1976, 1988, 1994, 1998 and most recently in 2002, the Constitution was amended to change various aspects of the commission’s work.
• Rules of the Commission on Judicial Performance
  Article VI, section 18(i) of the Constitution authorizes the commission to make rules for conducting investigations and formal proceedings. The Rules of the Commission on Judicial Performance, rules 101 through 138, were adopted by the commission on October 24, 1996, and took effect December 1, 1996. The rules have been amended periodically thereafter.
• Policy Declarations of the Commission on Judicial Performance
  The Policy Declarations of the Commission on Judicial Performance detail the commission’s internal procedures and existing policies. A Code of Ethics for Commission Members is set forth in Division VI of the policy declarations.
• Government Code
  The commission is subject to Government Code sections 68701 through 68756. Additionally, the Government Code controls the commission’s handling of judges’ disability retirement applications, pursuant to sections 75060 through 75064 and sections 75560 through 75564.
• Code of Civil Procedure
  The commission is responsible for enforcing the restrictions on judges’ receipt of honoraria, and limits on gifts, as set forth in Code of Civil Procedure section 170.9. On February 28, 2025, the commission adopted the gift limitation amount of $560 for purposes of CCP section 170.9.
• Code of Judicial Ethics
  The Code of Judicial Ethics, adopted by the California Supreme Court, establishes standards for ethical conduct for judges on and off the bench and for candidates for judicial office. All members of the judiciary must comply with the Code. As stated in the Preamble to the Code: “Compliance is required to preserve the integrity of the bench and to ensure the confidence of the public.”
• California Rules of Court
  Rules 9.60, 9.61, 10.603, 10.703 and 10.1016 of the California Rules of Court pertain to the Commission on Judicial Performance.

Recent Changes In The Law

Commission Rules

Following an invitation for proposals, the commission adopted various amendments to its Rules of the Commission on Judicial Performance, effective January 29, 2025. The commission amended rules 121(f) (amendment regarding remote testimony by witnesses in evidentiary hearings); 122(l) (amendment regarding statements made by attorney witnesses provided in discovery pursuant to rule 122); and 138(i) (amendment to clarify what constitutes business hours for purposes of filing with the commission.). 

A public report can be found at the top of this page, including the full text of the amendments; the reasons for the amendments; and a discussion of other proposed rule proposals that were received but not circulated for public comment, with the commission’s explanation for not pursuing those proposals.

Code of Civil Procedure

On February 28, 2025, the commission adopted the gift limitation amount of $560 for purposes of CCP section 170.9.